CONCEPTUAL REPRESENTATION OF THE MORAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE PERSON

Abstract

The problem of moral and ethical consciousness was examined in the psychodynamic direction, behaviorism, cognitive and activity approaches.

Within psychodynamic approach moral consciousness is studied in the process of adaptation in individual innate drives to the demands of society. Moral consciousness is formed in the process of personal development and remains unchanged, as dictated by the structure of the unconscious superego. Moral consciousness through the prism behavioristic approach is seen through the process of assigning samples, the imitation and the system of rewards and punishments. Representatives of this approach describe two mechanisms of influence of the social environment on the moral development of the child: imitation and identification.

Cognitive direction views the moral development as a dynamic, progressive process. In them moral development is related to the overall direction of cognitive maturation, and in this coordinate system is represented description of the stages of moral reasoning. Researchers have identified levels and stages of moral development, which allow building the process of moral education at a clear scientific basis.

Activity approach considers the moral conscience in the category of interiorization. Representatives of this approach have studied the process of assimilation of child culture in which it is directly in the process of activity, through the manipulation of the instruments of culture.

Analysis of psychological concepts regarding the content of the moral consciousness of the person allowed to come to the conclusion that the ratio of the received knowledge not is controversial, since they describe the various layers of moral consciousness (activity and cognitive) and mechanisms of development of moral consciousness.