EQUITY OF RESOURCE EXCHANGING AS A COURSE OF AGE GENESIS OF PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOUR

Abstract

Prosocial self-expression unite a large range of phenomena, from the simplest acts of assistance to the sacrificial behaviour for the benefit of another person or community. In the most general terms, all socially valuable actions are divided into three groups: instrumental help, empathy, exchanging. Prosocial actions of exchanging include personality’s voluntary transfer of own resources in the form of gift or equitable distribution. The study of age features of these abilities has a unique significance for understanding processes of personality social development. The issue of age genesis resource exchanging was singularized recently. Two periods can be distinguished in its development namely the original and contemporary. They differ in directing of study and its results. In the first stage the attention of psychologists was focused on the study of children’s conception systems in the area of resource exchanging and prosocial reflections. Experimental studies were aimed at studying the cognitivemotivational component of prosocialty and development of moral consciousness in a broad age range. Psychological observations of recent years are focused on the origins of equitable exchanging strategy. State of attention of children while decoding situations of equitable-inequitable distribution character, value judgments as to the suggested patterns of behaviour of subject, verbal prognosis for their own behaviour in situations of potentially prosocial context, emotional expressions in situations of problematic resource exchanging are studied as criteria indicators of ontogenetic early forms of prosocialty.